The nutcracker phenomenon is also known as left renal venous compression syndrome. It is more common in men from puberty to around 40 years old. The onset in children is generally between 4 and 7 years old, and the most common age is 13 to 16 years old. It is one of the common causes of non-renal hematuria in children. It is a clinical manifestation caused by the compression of the angle formed by the left renal vein running between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric aorta on its way to the inferior vena cava. Nutcracker syndrome refers to left renal vein compression syndrome. When left renal vein compression syndrome occurs, patients are generally advised to sleep on their right side at night. Generally, with the increase of age, the connective tissue and fat tissue at the intersection of the superior mesenteric aorta and the pulmonary artery of the patient will increase, and the establishment of the patient's collateral circulation will make the patient's left renal vein compression syndrome improve to a certain extent. The cause of hematuria is that the left renal vein is enlarged and the urethral vein and genital vein are drained by blood accumulation, which causes abnormal communication with the renal connective system, or part of the venous wall thickens and softens and ruptures, resulting in non-renal tubular hematuria. It will also continue to cause blood accumulation in the testicular vein and uterine ovarian vein, resulting in rib pain, which is aggravated when standing or walking. In addition, men may also develop varicose veins of the spermatic flexure. In addition, there are proteinuria, irregular menstrual bleeding, high blood pressure, etc. Nutcracker patients prefer to sleep on their right side at night. Nutcracker syndrome refers to a disease in which the left renal vein is stressed, causing the vein to thicken, which in turn causes hematuria and proteinuria. If the angle between the superior mesenteric aorta and the abdominal aorta is less than 30 degrees, it is easy to compress the left renal vein, thereby thickening the renal vein. Therefore, it is best not to press on the left kidney and bladder when sleeping to avoid aggravating the condition. Nutcracker syndrome is more likely to occur in obese people. Urine tests often reveal hematuria or proteinuria, and ultrasound examinations can be used to diagnose it. If you feel unwell, it is best to go to a urology specialist in a tertiary hospital for treatment. |
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